The diet was built on the principle of a gradual increase in the load on the gastrointestinal tract and the inclusion of a sufficient amount of protein for faster and more complete restoration of the functions of the digestive system.
During the day after surgery, patients are not given any food. On the 2-3rd day, with good health and the absence of signs of stagnation in the stomach, tea with a small amount of sugar, broth of wild rose, slightly sweet compote and kissel (mashed), 25% protein entpit in 30-50 ml 2 times a day are prescribed .
On day 4-5, you can include soft-boiled eggs, mucous soups, meat and cottage cheese purees and soufflés. The number of meals – 5-6 times a day in the amount of 70-100 ml per meal.
On the 6-7th day, the diet is expanded, the portion of protein and other dishes is increased, mashed cereals (preferably oatmeal, longitudinal and rice) are added, white crackers (pa on the 8th day). By the 10th day, the volume and chemical composition of the diet are close to normal. They include mashed vegetable dishes (potato, carrot shore ). Meat and fish dishes are given in the form of steamed souffles, dumplings and meatballs. Soft-boiled eggs, steam omelets, curd soufflé are recommended. Food is consumed 6-7 times a day in an amount of 200-400 ml. With each meal, the patient should receive a protein dish.
A variant of a diet with mechanical sparing for patients undergoing a resection of the stomach. This diet is prescribed to patients 1-2 weeks after surgery for 2-4 months. It can be recommended, and for a longer time in the presence of diseases of the operated stomach (gastritis, anastomositis , peptic ulcer, enterocolitis).
Diet helps to reduce the inflammatory process in the gastrointestinal tract, stimulates reparative processes, and also prevents the occurrence of dumping syndrome.
General characteristics of the diet
The diet is physiologically complete, with a high protein content, normal complex carbohydrate content and a sharp restriction of easily digestible carbohydrates, normal fat content. It limits mechanical and chemical irritants of the mucous membrane and the gastrointestinal tract receptor apparatus, nitrogen extractives (especially purines), refractory fats, and fat splitting products from frying (aldehydes, acroleips ) are minimized . Strong stimulants of bile secretion and pancreatic secretion, as well as products and dishes that can cause demi-pan syndrome (sweet liquid milk porridges, sweet milk, sweet tea, hot fat soup, etc.) are excluded . Diet giponatrievaya .
With severe dumping syndrome, separate intake of the liquid and solid parts of the diet is recommended: the liquid is consumed 30 minutes after eating solid food, during lunch, you must first eat the second dish, and then the first. Eat bed in bed.
Culinary processing. All dishes are cooked boiled or steamed, mashed. The third dishes that the patient receives during dinner are prepared unsweetened (without sugar) or on xylitol (10-15 g per serving). Sugar is given to the patient’s hands (20-40 g per day), it is better to eat it with bite. Chem matic composition and caloric content. Proteins 140 g, fats 110 g, carbohydrates 380 g. Calories 3000 kcal. Salt 8-10 g. Dietary regimen is fractional (5-6 times a day). Food temperature. Avoid hot and cold meals. The recommended temperature of the poor is 55-56 ° C. The list of recommended foods and dishes. Bread and bakery products. Yesterday’s wheat bread, crackers made from wheat bread, Yesdobioe cookies . Soups On vegetables (excluding white cabbage)., Cereal broths, mashed, low-fat meat broth 1 time per week. Meat and fish dishes. Low-fat meat without tendons (beef, chicken, veal) and fish (cod, pike perch, carp, pike, bream, saffron cod, silver hake, carp) in minced form (mashed potatoes, souffle, dumplings, meatballs, meatloaf, meatballs). These products are boiled, cooked on iaru , baked (with preliminary boiling). Dishes from eggs. Soft-boiled egg ( pe more than 1 pc per day), protein omelet or one egg. Milk, dairy products and dishes from them. Milk in dishes and for tea, with tolerance – whole milk. Kefir is allowed 2 months after surgery. Sour cream as seasoning. The cottage cheese is non-acidic, freshly prepared, mashed. Dishes and side dishes from vegetables. Boiled vegetables, mashed. Boiled cauliflower with butter, stewed squash and pumpkin, carrot, potato june . Fruits, berries, sweets. Fruits and berries (fresh and dry) in the form of unsweetened mashed compotes, jelly, jelly, mousses. Baked apples without sugar. Fruits and berries with coarse fiber (pear, quince) are not allowed .. Stewed on xylitol (10-15 g per serving). Sugar, honey, sweets, jams are sharply limited. Dishes and side dishes from cereals, pasta. Unsweetened mashed, viscous cereals, puddings, casseroles of rice, longitudinal cereals, oatmeal. Semolina is limited. Finely chopped pasta, boiled. Fats. Butter, ghee, olive, sunflower, refined (do not fry) add to the dishes in their natural form. Snacks Uncooked cheese (Yaroslavl, Russian, Uglich ) grated, spawned caviar, granular, home-made meat paste, jelly. Sauces and spices. Sauces on vegetable broth, sour cream sauces. Drinks and juices. Weak tea and coffee with and without milk. Juices unsweetened fruit (except grape), berry and vegetable. Decoctions of rose hips. It is forbidden: products from butter and hot dough, brains, liver, kidneys, various pickles and smoked products, marinades, canned meat, fish and other snack foods, smoked sausage, cold and carbonated drinks, chocolate, cocoa, ice cream, alcohol, white cabbage, legumes , spinach, sorrel, mushrooms, radishes, rutabaga, onions, garlic, spices. An approximate one-day menu of the wiped diet option is given in table. In the first 2 weeks after the operation, the number of dishes and servings is reduced, in the future they gradually include a complete set of products.