The ratio of the cost-effectiveness of quitting.
The ratio of the cost-effectiveness of quitting. The ratio of cost-effectiveness of smoking cessation is very high in both primary and secondary prevention. Intervention is usually short term and low cost. Indeed, smoking cessation is cheaper than continuing to smoke. The increase in life expectancy is large, and the earlier a person quits smoking, the greater will be the increase; for example, a 35-year-old man after smoking cessation may add to a life expectancy of 3 years.
The cost varies depending on the intensity of the intervention and the use of drugs. A Swedish study found that over a 20-year observation period, the cost of a single life saved was relatively low for bupropion compared to a nicotine patch: $ 660 for men and $ 490 for women. Some non-pharmacological approaches have also proven to be effective.
e) Guidelines and recommendations. In the U.S. clinical guidelines. The Public Health Service recognized that tobacco dependence is a chronic condition and repeated intervention is usually necessary. It is recommended that the patient be asked about smoking at each visit; U.S. also supports this strategy. Preventive Services Task Force. The U.S. manual. Preventive Services Task Force is recommended when necessary combined intervention: counseling and drug therapy. Three types of counseling and behavioral therapy are particularly effective:
(1) training;
(2) social support for treatment;
(3) social support outside treatment.
There are 6 types of first-line drug therapies that reliably increase the duration of abstinence from smoking: prolonged-release bupropion hydrochloride, nicotine tablets, chewing gums and patches, inhalers and nasal sprays.
Due to tobacco dependence and the tendency to increase in smoking over time, reducing the number of cigarettes is an unacceptable strategy. The effectiveness of interventions ranges from 6% during the year when advised by a doctor to 18% when performing self-help programs and 20-40% with pharmacological intervention using a nicotine chewing gum or patch.
It is important to reasonably explain to the patient the harm of smoking and the benefit of quitting at all stages of therapy, and the period immediately after the cardiovascular event (SSSob) is the optimal time for quitting smoking.
f) Perspective directions. In the United States, smoking cessation efforts will continue, but intensive public health efforts around the world are needed to reverse the dangerous growth trend of smoking in developing countries; for example, 60% of men in China today smoke. Of the 1.1 billion smoking population, 82% live in low- or middle-income countries. The low frequency of success of smoking cessation interventions is a challenge for clinicians, so you should focus on smoking prevention.