Expansion of the stomach is acute – a sudden abrupt increase in the stomach due to the accumulation of fluid and gas in it.
Etiology and pathogenesis of acute expansion of the stomach
The basis of this rare disease is paralysis of the neuromuscular apparatus of the stomach, manifested by atony of the wall of the stomach while maintaining its secretory activity. In the pathogenesis of the disease, a significant role is given to disturbances in the water-electrolyte balance and CBS. The pathology is rare, it can occur in diseases such as myocardial infarction, peritonitis, pneumonia, gastric vascular thrombosis, prolonged pyloric stenosis
Clinic for acute expansion of the stomach
Acute enlargement of the stomach is manifested by signs of obstruction of the stomach. The leading clinical symptoms are abdominal heaviness, nausea, vomiting, heartburn. In some cases, spilled abdominal pain is disturbing.
When examining a patient, a significant, rapidly increasing protrusion in the epigastric region, a wide zone of tympanitis extending beyond the center line to the left, tachycardia, and a drop in cardiac activity are determined. Symptoms quickly increase, there are fears of complications (violation of the blood supply to the stomach wall, rupture of it) due to compression of the heart.
Diagnosis of acute gastric expansion
Along with the clinical manifestations of the disease is extremely important yavdlyaetsya X-ray examination in which reveal the high standing of the left dome of the diaphragm, a sharp increase in volume, with a lot of liquid and gas bubble stomach. When examining a patient in an upright position in the stomach, two horizontal fluid levels can be detected due to an excess of the stomach on the ligamentous apparatus. The radiological symptoms of the absence of peristalsis of the gastric wall with a long delay in the evacuation of barium suspension from the stomach are important.