Eosinophilic gastroenteritis – a chronic disease of the stomach, small intestine and colon, accompanied by a high eosinophilia of blood and eosinophilic infiltration of the affected tissue without the development of vasculitis . In most cases, the etiological factor of eosinophilic gastroenteritis is not known, in 20% of patients it is a food allergy. There are various options for the course of the disease: prolonged diarrhea, steatorrhea , enteropathy exudative, hypoproteinemia , iron deficiency anemia (most typical for food allergies); thickening of the muscle layer of the stomach and intestines as a result of the infiltrative process with narrowing of the intestinal lumen, the development of pyloric stenosis; mainly damage to the serous membranes, followed by ascites and eosinophilia of serous fluid. If the cause of eosinophilic gastroenteritis is food allergy, then in patients, as a rule, the level of immunoglobulin E is increased and antibodies related to immunoglobulin E are determined. The function of T lymphocytes, the content of the remaining classes of immunoglobulins, and complement of the system are without special features. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis differentiates with regional ileitis. Treatment consists in an elimination diet, desensitizing non-specific therapy, and the use of glucocorticosteroid drugs.
Benign tumors of the stomach
Benign tumors include the most diverse tumors in histogenesis (epithelial – adenomas, polyps, non – epithelial – fibromas, leiomyomas , neuromas, hemangiomas , hamartomas , etc.). Epithelial tumors, according to most researchers, are the result of regenerative processes associated with chronic gastritis. With mass preventive examinations, the detection of gastric polyps is 0.3–2.6%. Polyps occur more often with reduced secretory activity of the gastric mucosa. There are hemispherical, rounded on a wide base, rounded on the leg and stalk (finger-shaped) forms of polyps.
By pathological signs distinguish: polypous gastritis; single and multiple polyps (benign, malignant ), according to the clinical course: asymptomatic form; gastritis form; anemic form; complicated form (bleeding polyps, prolapse of the polyp in the duodenum).
Indications for removal are single and multiple polyps with a diameter of more than 0.5 cm.